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无人机场景下基于联盟链的KGC主密钥生成协议
王钺程,朱友文,张志强
0
(南京航空航天大学 计算机科学与技术学院,南京 210016)
摘要:
无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV)通常工作在开放网络通信环境中,需要密钥生成中心(Key Generation Center,KGC)为每个无人机分发密钥对以进行通信数据的加密与签名。然而,传统方案里KGC的主密钥掌握在唯一的第三方基站手中,存在极大的安全隐患。针对该场景下传统KGC的主密钥安全问题,提出了一种基于联盟链的主密钥生成协议。为避免唯一机构掌控主密钥的控制权,相比于对恶意KGC的被动防御,直接对其进行了改进。通过引入联盟链技术,将多节点组成的联盟链网络视作KGC,多个联盟链节点共同参与计算生成主密钥。一旦联盟链中出现节点拒绝参与计算的恶意行为,其他节点可根据协议联合计算得出恶意节点的贡献值,并算出最终主密钥。最后,对需要满足的安全特性等进行了安全证明,并且模拟了真实的应用场景,分析并对比了其多节点情况下的开销,证实了方案在无人机网络通信环境中具有较低的计算开销和高可用性,消除了传统KGC对主密钥具有唯一掌控权的安全隐患。
关键词:  无人机网络  密钥生成中心  身份认证  联盟链  分布式ElGamal加密
DOI:10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.241101003
基金项目:
KGC Master Key Generation Protocol Based on Consortium Blockchain for the UAV Scenario
WANG Yuecheng,ZHU Youwen,ZHANG Zhiqiang
(College of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)
Abstract:
Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) typically operate in open network communication environments,requiring a key generation center(KGC) to distribute key pairs to each UAV for encrypting and signing communication data.However,in traditional schemes,the master key of the KGC is held by a single third-party base station,posing significant security risks.To address the security issues of the master key in traditional KGC in this scenario,a master key generation protocol based on consortium blockchain is proposed.Instead of passively defending against malicious KGC,the protocol directly improves the KGC by introducing consortium blockchain technology.The consortium blockchain network,composed of multiple nodes,serves as the KGC,with multiple nodes jointly participating in the computation to generate the master key.If a node in the consortium blockchain refuses to participate in the computation,other nodes can collaboratively calculate the contribution value of the malicious node according to the security protocol and derive the final master key.Finally,the security properties are proven,and a real-world application scenario is simulated.The analysis and comparison of the overhead in multi-node scenarios demonstrate that the proposed scheme has low computational overhead and high availability in UAV network communication environments,eliminating the security risk of a single entity having exclusive control over the master key in traditional KGC.
Key words:  UAV network  key generation center  identity authentication  consortium blockchain  distributed ElGamal encryption