| 摘要: |
| 轨道角动量(Orbital Angular Momentum，OAM)复用技术因OAM模式间的正交性和模式的无限性，能极大程度地提升信道容量与频谱效率，对解决当前无线通信频谱拥挤问题具有重大潜力。然而，OAM波束的衍射特性和发散角问题严重限制了通信质量。对OAM通信的技术的难点进行了介绍，并对比分析了现有OAM波束控制天线的优势与不足,其中超表面天线因其结构简单、成本低和优异的电磁调控能力，在OAM波束控制中具有独特优势。其次重点梳理了基于超表面实现OAM波束控制的不同实现方式以及发展现状，最后综述了未来发展方向，为OAM波束控制相关技术的发展和未来大容量通信的实现提供了一定指导。 |
| 关键词: 轨道角动量 超表面天线 涡旋电磁波波束控制 大容量通信 |
| DOI：10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.240419001 |
|
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(62371473) |
|
| A Review of Vortex Beam Control Technology Based on Metasurfaces |
| WANG Zhiwei,ZHU Yongzhong,HAN Leng,ZHOU Hanchu,XU Junwei,XIE Wenxuan |
| (a.School of Information Engineering;b.School of Equipment Management and Security,Engineering University of PAP,Xi’an 710086,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing technology can greatly enhance the channel capacity and spectral efficiency due to the orthogonality between OAM modes and the infinity of modes,which has significant potential to solve the current wireless communication spectrum congestion problem.However,the diffraction characteristics and divergence angle problems of OAM beams severely limit the communication quality.Firstly,the technical difficulties of OAM communication are introduced and the advantages and shortcomings of existing OAM beam control antennas are compared and analyzed,among which metasurfaces antennas have unique advantages in OAM beam control due to their simple structure,low cost,and excellent electromagnetic modulation capability.Secondly,the different realization methods and development status of OAM beam control based on metasurfaces are highlighted,and finally,the future development direction is summarized,which provides a certain guidance for the development of OAM beam control related technology and the realization of future high-capacity communication. |
| Key words: orbital angular momentum metasurface antenna vortex electromagnetic wave beam control high-capacity communication |
