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一种基于RFID标签阵列的室内定位方法
谢良波,任彦,邵宇涛,姚旭东
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(重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，重庆400065;中国人民解放军78092部队，成都 610031;成都市公安局出入境管理局，成都 610015)

摘要:

针对基于天线阵列测角的射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)定位系统成本高、无法估计目标姿态的问题，提出了一种基于标签阵列的姿态检索的定位算法。首先，分析了天线方向角、标签阵列姿态角和标签阵列信号到达角之间的关系，建立了标签阵列姿态检索的定位模型；其次，对标签阵列中相位误差来源进行了分析，利用标签间的相位差对标签阵列信号进行重构，降低了读写器收发电路、标签电路及多径效应引入的相位误差对定位精度的影响；同时，分析了标签阵列中的互耦效应对相位的影响，提出了互耦效应相位校正方法，提升了标签阵列的测角精度；最后，提出了一种标签阵列姿态估计算法，使用多个天线的方向角实现对标签阵列姿态角估计和定位。实验结果表明，系统在室内环境下平均定位误差为0.2 m，标签阵列的姿态角估计平均误差为4.35°。

关键词: 室内定位射频识别(RFID) 标签阵列姿态检索

DOI：10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.220114003

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（61704015,61771083）；重庆市自然科学基金项目（cstc2019jcyj msxmX0108,cstc2020jcyj msxmX0842）；重庆市教委科学技术研究项目（KJZD K202000605,KJQN202000630）

An indoor localization method based on RFID tag array

XIE Liangbo,REN Yan,SHAO Yutao,YAO Xudong

(School of Communication and Information Engineering,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;Unit 78092 of PLA，Chengdu 610031，China;Chengdu Municipal Public Security Bureau ExitEntry Administration Bureau，Chengdu 610031，China)

Abstract:

To solve the problem of high cost and inability to estimate the targets attitude of radio frequency identification(RFID) positioning system based on angle estimation of antenna array,a localization algorithm based on RFID tag arrays attitude retrieval is proposed.Firstly,the relationship among tag array direction angle(DA) to antennas,tag array’s orientation angle(OA) and the angle of arrival(AOA) is analyzed,and the localization model is established.Secondly,the source of phase error in the tag array is analyzed,and the phase difference between the tags is used to reconstruct the tag array signal,which can reduce the influence of the phase error introduced by the reader transceiver circuit,the tag circuit and the multipath effect on the positioning accuracy.Meanwhile,the influence of mutual coupling effect on the phase of tag array is analyzed,and the phase correction method of mutual coupling effect is proposed to improve the AOA estimation accuracy of tag array.Finally,a posture retrieval algorithm is proposed in which DAs of multiple antennas are used to estimate the DA and position of the tag array.Experimental results show that the average localization error of the system can reach 0.2 m in indoor environment,and the postrue estimation error of tag array is 4.35°.

Key words: indoor localization radio frequency identification(RFID) tag array posture retrieval