| 摘要: |
| 针对具有差异化服务质量需求的数据采集任务，提出了一种多无人机协同的数据采集策略，通过优化无人机的三维部署和设备关联，以最大程度地节约设备的功率资源。该联合优化问题属于混合整数非线性规划问题，难以求解，因此提出了一种基于交替迭代优化的无人机部署方法。具体而言，将原始问题分解为设备关联子问题和无人机三维部署子问题，进行交替迭代求解。首先，针对设备关联子问题，将其建模为0-1多背包问题，提出了一种基于动态规划的节能设备关联算法。然后，针对三维部署子问题，考虑设备的需求差异化，提出了一种改进的粒子群算法。最后，对上述过程进行交替迭代，直到无人机三维部署和关联的设备不再变化。实验结果表明，在不同的网络通信场景中，提出的算法能够为物联网设备节约更多的功率资源。 |
| 关键词: 物联网 无人机通信 数据采集 三维部署 设备关联 背包问题 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（61702545，62171465） |
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| An energy-efficient UAV deployment method in multi-UAV data collection network |
| YUAN Jin,WANG Hai,QIN Zhen,LI Aijing |
| (College of Communications Engineering,Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to complete the data collection tasks with different quality of service(QoS) requirements,this paper proposes a data acquisition strategy based on multi-UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) cooperation.The strategy optimizes the three-dimensional(3D) deployment and device association of UAVs to save the power resources of the device.The joint optimization problem belongs to a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem,which is difficult to solve.Therefore,a UAV deployment method based on alternate iterative optimization is proposed.Specifically,the method decomposes the original problem into device association subproblem and UAV 3D deployment subproblem for alternate iteration solution.Firstly， the device association subproblem is modeled as a 0-1 multi-knapsack problem.An energy-saving device association algorithm based on dynamic programming is proposed.Secondly,an improved particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is proposed for the 3D deployment subproblem considering the device requirement differentiation.Finally， the above process is iterated alternately until the 3D deployment position of the UAV and the associated devices are no longer changed.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can save more power resources for Internet of Things(IoT) devices than the candidate algorithms in different network communication scenarios. |
| Key words: Internet of Things(IoT) UAV communication data collection 3D deployment device associated knapsack problem |
