| 摘要: |
| 稀疏阵列因能够降低互耦效应并提供更高自由度（Degrees of Freedom，DOFs），在波达方向（Direction-of-Arrival，DOA）估计中受到广泛关注，但其差分共阵中存在孔洞，限制了均匀自由度（Uniform DOFs，uDOFs），从而降低估计性能。针对这一问题，提出了一种孔径扩展位移互质阵列，并推导出其差分共阵孔洞位置的完整表达式。在此基础上，通过引入3个补充子阵列填补孔洞，构造出孔径扩展位移填孔互质阵列（Aperture-expanded Displacement Hole-filled Co-prime Array，ADHCA）。在相同阵元数条件下，ADHCA相较于其他稀疏阵列获得了更大的uDOFs，数值提升了5%到30%。实验结果表明，ADHCA在低信噪比、低快拍数下以及互耦效应等复杂场景下，其DOA估计性能均优于其他经典稀疏阵列，验证了其在复杂电磁环境中进行高精度DOA估计的有效性与优越性。 |
| 关键词: 稀疏阵列 波达方向估计 互耦效应 差分共阵 |
| DOI：10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.250819002 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目（2024QCY-KXJ-168，2024QCY-KXJ-196）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2023-JC-YB-484） |
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| Aperture-expanded Displacement Hole-filled Co-prime Array for Enhancing DOA Estimation |
| WANG Guibao,LIU Yunlong,WANG Xianghui,YU Keyi,WANG Shuzhen |
| (1.School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence，Shaanxi University of Science & Technology，Xi’an 710021，China;2.School of Computer Science and Technology，Xidian University，Xi’an 710071，China;3.Shaanxi Lingyaohei Technology Co.，Ltd.，Xi’an 712046，China) |
| Abstract: |
| Sparse arrays have attracted considerable attention in direction-of-arrival(DOA) estimation owing to their ability to mitigate mutual coupling effects and provide higher degrees of freedom(DOFs).However，the presence of holes in their difference coarrays restricts the uniform DOFs(uDOFs)，thereby degrading estimation performance.To address this issue，an aperture-extended displaced coprime array(ADCA) is proposed and the complete analytical expression for the hole positions in its difference coarray is derived.On this foundation，three supplementary subarrays are introduced to fill the holes，resulting in an aperture-extended displaced hole-filling coprime array(ADHCA).Under the same number of physical sensors，ADHCA achieves significantly larger uDOFs than other sparse array configurations，with numerical improvements ranging from 5% to 30%.Experimental results demonstrate that ADHCA consistently outperforms classical sparse arrays in DOA estimation，particularly under low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)，limited snapshots，and scenarios involving mutual coupling.These results validate the effectiveness and superiority of ADHCA in achieving high-precision DOA estimation within complex electromagnetic environments. |
| Key words: sparse array DOA estimation mutual coupling effect difference co-array |
《电讯技术》编辑部 