| 摘要: |
| 以复合材料无人机的航电系统为研究对象，根据无人机整体设计要求，设计满足需
求的航电系统。该系统以自动驾驶仪为控制核心，采用内部集成的A/D转换器采集工作电压
，实时监测无人机的电源电压；内部集成的姿态测量系统和INS/GPS组合导航系统，采集无
人机的姿态与位置数据；通过串口与无线数据电台相连，实现无人机与地面控制站之间的通
信；通过I/O口连接超声波测距仪，实时测量无人机与地面的相对高度；其输出的RS485控制
信号与各个舵机等执行部件相连，实现对无人机执行部件的控制。该复合材料无人机的航电
系统功能齐备，采用模块化设计，接口方便。在此硬件平台上开发控制算法，可满足本复合
材料无人机系统的工作要求。此外，给出了航电各子系统间的布局、电缆敷设的优化方法，
并对航电系统联合调试需要注意的问题进行了讨论。 |
| 关键词: 复合材料无人机 航电系统 电缆敷设 机载传感器 数据链 电磁兼容性设计 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(61101161)；航空科学基金项目（2011ZC54010）；辽宁省博士启动基金项目(20101081)；沈阳航空航天大学博士启动基金项目(10YB01) |
|
| Improved design of avionics for composite material UAV |
| WANG Er-shen,ZHANG Zhi-xian,LEI Hong,SUN Yan-peng |
| () |
| Abstract: |
| According to the overall design requirements of UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle),the
avionics system is designed to meet low cost needs by using the avionics system of composite m
aterial UAV as object. The whole system uses autopilot as the control core of t
he avionics,and uses the internal integrated A/D converter(ADC) to collect opera
ting voltage.The voltage signal is used to monitor the battery voltage value in re
al time. The internal integrated AHRS(Attitude and Heading Reference System) and
INS/GPS system are adopted to collect the
status and position data of UAV. The wireless digital radio connected to th
e autopilot by serial communication port is applied to achieve data transmission
between UAV and ground control station. The ultrasonic rangefinder connected to the autopilot b
y I/O port measures the relative altitude to the ground for UAV in real time. Th
e steering engines are controlled through the RS485.The avionics system of the c
omposite material UAV has many advantages,such as its fullfeatured,modular de
sign and conveniently extendable interface and so on. In order to meet the r
equirements of avionics for the UAV,the appropriate control algorithm can be app
lied on this hardware platform.In addition, optimization methods for layout and
cable routing are discussed. The problems need to be paid attention to during t
he associated debugging of the avionics are given. |
| Key words: composite material UAV avionics system cable routing airborne sensor data lin
k EMC design |
《电讯技术》编辑部 